The Department of Biology is an educational and scientific structural unit of the Educational Institution "Gomel State Medical University", providing educational, organizational, methodological, scientific and educational work.
Since December 1990, the teaching of general biology was organized at the preparatory department of the Gomel State Medical Institute (now a university).
The first head of the Department of Medical Biology and Genetics with a course in Microbiology was Nikolai Nikolaevich Ostreiko, PhD, Associate Professor.

Full-time faculty included Associate Professor L.P. Gavrilova, PhD, and assistant professors I.V. Fadeeva, I.P. Antonovich, N.E. Fomchenko, S.N. Bobrova, E.M. Butenkova, and L.P. Skrypnikova. Preparatory department instructors L.N. Pesetskaya, I.V. Kondrashova, and S.V. Ovsepyan.
From 2001 to 2011, PhD in Biology, Associate Professor Larisa Petrovna Gavrilova was appointed head of the Department of Medical Biology and Genetics.

Since 2001, the subject has been taught in the Faculties of General Medicine, Medical Diagnostics, and Medical Preventive Medicine.
Since 2002, training has been organized for students of the Preparatory Department of the Faculty for the Training of Specialists from Foreign Countries, and since 2003, first-year students of the Faculty of International Students have been taught in English at the department.
Since 2011, Vladimir Vladimirovich Potenko, Doctor of Biological Sciences and Associate Professor, has headed the department.

Since October 25, 2017, after the courses were added, the department was called the Department of Biology with courses in normal and pathological physiology.

Since February 2021, following a reorganization, it has been called the Department of Biology.

